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| Understanding the development of China's nuclear power valve |
| Understanding the development of China's nuclear power valve |
I. Introduction
Nuclear power plant in the valve is in the nuclear island N1, CI and the conventional island power station auxiliary facilities BOP system using the valve. From the safety level of nuclear safety is divided into grade Ⅰ, Ⅱ grade, Ⅲ grade, non-nuclear level. Ⅰ level of nuclear safety requirements among the highest. Nuclear power plant valve is used in a large number of medium transport control equipment, is essential in the safe operation of nuclear power plants an important part. According to statistics, with two 1 million KW of a nuclear power plant units have various types of valves 30 000 units.
According to statistics, currently the world there are 447 nuclear power generating units are running, with a total installed capacity of 380 million KW, accounting for about 16.2% of total generating capacity. Installed capacity of nuclear power plants in 17 countries, the total generating capacity of its own more than 25%. 77% of which France, South Korea 38%, Japan 36%, 28% of the UK. The United States also reached 20%. In the operation of nuclear power generating units, 50% of the pressurized water reactor, followed by a heavy water reactor, boiling water reactors, graphite reactor, fast neutron breeder reactor, HTR. Of the earliest applications of nuclear power technology is military-industrial areas. The early 20th century, 70 a pressurized water reactor nuclear submarine navy officially put into use. Since 1985, our country's own construction of a 300,000 KW Qinshan nuclear power plant since the design has passed the self-construction, the introduction of foreign technology in a manner Qinshan Phase II construction of Daya Bay, Qinshan 3, Ling Ao, Tin Wan of six nuclear power stations, total installed capacity of 8.7 million KW. Accounting for 2% of installed power generation capacity. China's installed nuclear power capacity by the year 2020 from the current 8.7 million KW to 40 million KW, the country's total power installed capacity will total about 4%, from now on, an average of at least a year to build two million KW of nuclear power plants. Nuclear power plants have been built, except for Qinshan Phase III CANDU type used in Canada, the other are pressurized water reactors. Tianwan nuclear power plant by Russia provided the largest single power parameter for the 1.06 million KW.
China Institute of Atomic Energy, Tsinghua University and other units built fast breeder reactors, advanced reactors, HTGR and other research and test reactors in the country is still to gain experience which will expand the construction of commercial reactors. Concern by the U.S. Westinghouse design third-generation pressurized water reactor nuclear power generating units over AP600, AP1000 has a higher operating safety, the design uses a non-dynamic principles such as gravity, convection, condensation, etc., used as security systems The driving force, greatly reducing the electricity, liquid, gas and other active driver. Valves use the same time reduced by 50%, 35% less pump, dosage reduction of 80% of the cable, require levels of seismic equipment declined by 45%, power life of up to 60 years (now 30 to 40 years). However, this plant has not yet built the world running example. China's third-generation nuclear power plants are also being carried out research and experimental work.
Quantitative distribution of valves in nuclear power plants at Daya Bay Nuclear Power Station in order to, for example, accounted for 43.5% of the nuclear island part of the conventional island of some 45%, 11.5% support facilities. Island part of its nuclear types of valves used in a total of 13,000 units. To the valve configuration situation, 33.6% cut-off valve, diaphragm valve, 26.2%, 12.8% Ball. These three accounted for 72.6% of the nuclear island of the valve. From a security level of distribution, the only nuclear grade Ⅰ 2.3%, nuclear Ⅱ, Ⅲ 52% of the aggregate level, rather than nuclear-grade accounted for 45.7%. Nuclear power plant valves in nuclear power plants in the proportion of completed investment value of around 1.6%. By Ling Ao nuclear power plant built two million KW unit price of 3.5 billion calculations, valve investment of 056 million U.S. dollars, equivalent to about 460 million yuan RMB. By the national nuclear power development plan, the new nuclear power plants by 2020, cumulative investment in the valve will reach more than 70 billion RMB (materials, etc. If we take into account the price rises will reach nearly 100 million yuan). Nuclear power valve repair, replacement nuclear power plant maintenance in the total cost of about 50%. One with two million kilowatts of nuclear power plant units total annual maintenance cost would be about 135 million yuan. Valve repair, replacement costs of about 67 million yuan each year. When operating in China million kilowatts of nuclear power generating capacity reached 20 million KW, the annual nuclear power valve maintenance, replacement costs will reach 670 million yuan. At present, the valves used in nuclear power plants, in addition to the Qinshan Phase 2 made use of parts of valves, other parts of the nuclear island and conventional island imports almost all of the valves. This situation and the country to develop nuclear power planning in 2020, China's valve industry provides a good opportunity for development, China's valve industry is also a severe test.
Second, the level of domestic nuclear power valve
Currently, there are 19 domestic enterprises to the National Nuclear Safety Administration issued its civilian nuclear pressure equipment design and production license is, can design and manufacture of nuclear valves. The design, production valve types are gate valve, globe valve, check valve, ball valve, butterfly valve, spring-loaded safety valve, control valve, throttle valve, diaphragm valve, bellows globe valve, etc.. The 19 enterprises with design and production of nuclear grade Ⅰ valves enterprises 5. Domestic production for most of Nuclear Valve non-nuclear and nuclear grade Ⅱ, Ⅲ grade valve. Development of domestic nuclear valves started in the early 60s. Up to now, after decades of efforts, China has formed a certain scale nuclear valves design, test, manufacturing, testing capabilities, and Nuclear Power Station Phase I, Phase II building a large number of nuclear-and non-nuclear-level valve doors, valves for the nuclear power domestically made important contributions.
Currently, domestic production has successfully developed a PWR nuclear grade Ⅰ Island electric valve, check valve; nuclear grade Ⅰ electric bellows globe valve, fast breeder reactors with nuclear grade Ⅱ electric bellows globe valve, etc. with sodium high level of nuclear valves. With the development of nuclear power while national policy guidance, such capacity is being strengthened and expanded rapidly. But we should soberly realize that, as domestic nuclear power valve Huan there are some lower-skilled, quality and reliability is not higher phenomena, to some extent the domestic impact of nuclear power valve Hua. Nuclear power plant in the nuclear and conventional islands, such as some of the important valves pilot operated relief valve, control valve, main steam isolation valves, etc. We still can not provide sophisticated and reliable products. At the same time due to domestic nuclear power valve means limited experimental testing, as well as technology, management and other reasons, the reliability of nuclear power valves are insufficient data, control the low level of quality of the product unstable. Nuclear power is safe and reliable as the first principle. The problems of domestic nuclear power valves, resulting in nuclear power plant owners do not want to or not easily use the domestic production of nuclear power valves. This is all valve business has much to be able to resolve the nuclear valve technology level and quality of products the fundamental issue, but also industry concern lies. Needs in technology, personnel, policy, software, hardware, management has taken various measures to solve them.
3, Introduction of foreign nuclear power valve
Compared with the domestic nuclear power valve, the valve full range of foreign nuclear power, advanced technology, excellent performance and high reliability. The United States in 1942 built the world's first experimental nuclear reactor, built in 1954, the former Soviet Union the world's first nuclear power plant. In the 60 years of nuclear power technology development, only in respect of nuclear power valve, the foreign form a complete design, test, manufacture, testing systems, has accumulated a wealth of experience, products mature, reliable technology. America's Westinghouse company, Canada's wieland company, Framatome of France and other Western companies to master nuclear technology in contemporary art. Whelan's nuclear power valves nearly 90% of the world's nuclear power plants have a good delivery record. The world's nuclear power plants in the nuclear island and conventional island in many important nuclear grade, non-nuclear grade valves, such as pilot-type safety valves, main steam isolation valves, control valves and other nuclear valve technology and markets are well-known valve developed monopolized by the door, and the price is very expensive.
The major producers of nuclear power valve company 1. U.S. Rockwell International Corporation (RockwellInternationalCorp.) Rockwell International Corporation, headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, total staff of 12 thousand people. The company has more than 200 factories and offices in 30 countries outside the U.S. are about more than 100 subsidiaries, joint companies and offices. Companies from the aerospace, automotive, electronic and general industrial four production departments. Product variety, widely available for high-precision engineering equipment and parts. Rockwell International's general industrial sectors, the flow control equipment products, including utility valves, oil, natural gas and nuclear power industries valves. The company producing the first nuclear power plant in 1974, sealed with a metal diaphragm. 2. Sulzer KSB companies in Germany that the company was founded in 1871, the original 名法兰肯塔尔 plant in January 1972 the Swiss company Sulzer with KSB set up in the plant site Sulzer - KSB Company and to invest 340,000 marks, specializing in nuclear power plants pump and valve design and manufacturing. The plant covers an area of 57400m2, number of employees 3000. The company's main products include atomic energy reactor with a cut-off valve, check valves, gate valve, spring safety valve, diaphragm valve. And acid-resistant steel with a chemical valve, gate valve, diaphragm valve and so on. 3. Canada Whelan Engineering Company (VelenEngineeringco.ltd.) Whelan Engineering Company was founded in 1950, has now become a pioneer in the valve industry in the world. Existing 10 professional factories, more than 2,000 employees. The company has representative offices in 60 countries. Whelan Engineering Company of the valve manufacturer except three in the foreign, the other seven in the United Kingdom, the United States, France, Germany, Portugal and South Korea. Whelan Engineering Company as the main suppliers of nuclear power valve, with its excellent quality and erected its credibility. Three plants in North America, nuclear power plants hold ASME "N" permit. Produced a large number of valves, including nuclear power, including power plants of all types and parameters valve. Nuclear power valve in the typical nuclear grade Ⅰ valve DN350, design pressure 17.6Mpa, maximum working temperature of 350 ℃; nuclear main steam isolation valves Grade Ⅱ DN800, 1500-pound. There are 24 countries in the world use the company's nuclear power valve. 4. British HaatterleyHeaton Corporation (Hatelihai pass) HaatterleyHeaton company has six years experience in the production of steel valves, valves for nuclear power station is the main supplier. 40 years, the company's highly advanced multiple types of bellows seal valves are widely used in nuclear power plants around the world, has also been used in nuclear submarines. 5. The United States Fisher Controls Fisher Controls in the United States, development and production of control valves known, widely used in nuclear power plants in the country of production of the pilot control valve, cage type regulating valve, ball valve, valve, etc. type control valves to regulate pressure or flow smooth, low noise, the executing agency is sensitive.
Fourth, few points
According to China's nuclear power development, good situation and the status of the development of nuclear power valve for the realization of the rapid development of nuclear power, nuclear localization of the valve, the valve personally believe that China's enterprises, industries and countries should take measures to address the impact of the localization of several nuclear power valves problem. 1. China's nuclear power as soon as possible complements the technical standards and norms in the valve. The existing EJ, GB, according to ASME, RCC-M standards to add sound, meet the conditions to enhance operational, to facilitate the domestic nuclear power valves in the design, materials fabrication, inspection, etc. on each link to achieve mass production. 2. Integration of the domestic nuclear power industry valve valve test, detection and identification of equipment and capabilities, share resources and avoid duplication of investment in redundant construction, accelerate the pace of development of nuclear power valve. 3. To strengthen personnel training and absorption of imported technology. Improve the design of nuclear power capacity and level of the valve. 4. To increase software and hardware investment, ensure the design, manufacturing methods and advanced processing and machine parts assembly and reliable quality. 5. Strengthen the welding, nondestructive testing, heat treatment and other special training of personnel evaluation process. Research and advanced technology to manufacture quality parts and components to meet the design drawings and standard specifications. 6. Nuclear safety awareness of staff education and training, strengthening of nuclear power valve design, the whole process of manufacture of quality management and improve the management level. |
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ICP: 06003029